High-yield cellulase production in solid-state fermentation by Trichoderma reesei SEMCC-3.217 using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

In this study, the strain Trichoderma reesei SEMCC-3.217 was used for producing cellulase in solid-state fermentation with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). The results of fractional factorial design showed that, the addition amount of wheat bran, (NH4)2SO4, CaCl2 and Tween 80 had significant effect on the cellulase production. Then, these four factors were selected for further optimization by central composite design for the yield of cellulase. The statistical analysis of the results showed that, the optimum composition were: 5 g of substrate containing 3.9 g water hyacinth, 1% corn steep liquor, 1% soybean meal, 0.2% NH4NO3, 0.2% KH2PO4, 0.08% MgSO4·7H2O, 2.8% (NH4)2SO4, 1.5% urea, 13.9% wheat bran, 0.08% ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.08% FeCl2 0.05% CaCl2, 0.08% NaNO3, 0.08% KCl and 0.27% (v/v) Tween-80. Under these conditions, the cellulase production was 4-fold increased (13.4 FPIU/g dry solid) compared with the initial level (3.4 FPIU/g dry solid) after 7 days of fermentation in a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask.Key words: Cellulase, solid-state fermentation, optimization, water hyacinth, Trichoderma reesei

Towards a better similarity measure for keyword profiling via clustering

Automatic profiling for users and postings can help law enforcement units cluster and classify users and postings effectively so that potential problematic users and postings can be identified easily. A core problem in this application is to come up with effective profiles and a good measure to compare the similarity of two profiles. In this paper, we investigate an existing keyword-based user profiling scheme and identify its limitations. Then, we propose an improved version of it and demonstrate that our proposed version is more consistent than the existing approach with respect to the observed replied rates of a user to a posting based on the similarity of the profiles. © 2013 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Tunneling magnetoresistance in Fe3Si/MgO/Fe3Si(001) magnetic tunnel junctions

published_or_final_versio

Development of specific RAPD markers for identifying albino tea cultivars ‘Qiannianxue’ and ‘Xiaoxueya’

Albino tea cultivars grow white leaves at low temperature which are valuable materials for processing green tea, but they develop green leaves in summer and autumn seasons. It is difficult to discriminate albino tea cuttings from the normal tea cuttings by leaf colour and plant morphological characteristics.Specific RAPD markers for identifying albino tea cultivars ‘Qiannianxue’ and ‘Xiaoxueya’ were developed in the present paper and they can be used in the authentication of the two albino tea cultivars. An amplified fragment (about 1500 bp) from Primer (S 12 (Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Services Co., Ltd.) was identified in the albino teas and not from the widely cultivated cultivar; Fudingdabai

Structural Analysis of Highly Relaxed GaSb Grown on GaAs Substrates with Periodic Interfacial Array of 90° Misfit Dislocations

We report structural analysis of completely relaxed GaSb epitaxial layers deposited monolithically on GaAs substrates using interfacial misfit (IMF) array growth mode. Unlike the traditional tetragonal distortion approach, strain due to the lattice mismatch is spontaneously relieved at the heterointerface in this growth. The complete and instantaneous strain relief at the GaSb/GaAs interface is achieved by the formation of a two-dimensional Lomer dislocation network comprising of pure-edge (90°) dislocations along both [110] and [1-10]. In the present analysis, structural properties of GaSb deposited using both IMF and non-IMF growths are compared. Moiré fringe patterns along with X-ray diffraction measure the long-range uniformity and strain relaxation of the IMF samples. The proof for the existence of the IMF array and low threading dislocation density is provided with the help of transmission electron micrographs for the GaSb epitaxial layer. Our results indicate that the IMF-grown GaSb is completely (98.5%) relaxed with very low density of threading dislocations (105 cm−2), while GaSb deposited using non-IMF growth is compressively strained and has a higher average density of threading dislocations (>109 cm−2)

SSN: Shape Signature Networks for Multi-class Object Detection from Point Clouds

Multi-class 3D object detection aims to localize and classify objects of multiple categories from point clouds. Due to the nature of point clouds, i.e. unstructured, sparse and noisy, some features benefit-ting multi-class discrimination are underexploited, such as shape information. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D shape signature to explore the shape information from point clouds. By incorporating operations of symmetry, convex hull and chebyshev fitting, the proposed shape sig-nature is not only compact and effective but also robust to the noise, which serves as a soft constraint to improve the feature capability of multi-class discrimination. Based on the proposed shape signature, we develop the shape signature networks (SSN) for 3D object detection, which consist of pyramid feature encoding part, shape-aware grouping heads and explicit shape encoding objective. Experiments show that the proposed method performs remarkably better than existing methods on two large-scale datasets. Furthermore, our shape signature can act as a plug-and-play component and ablation study shows its effectiveness and good scalabilityComment: Code is available at https://github.com/xinge008/SS

Design and Testing of Cesium Atomic Concentration Detection System Based on TDLAS

In order to better build the Neutral Beam Injector with Negative Ion Source (NNBI), the pre-research on key technologies has been carried out for the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT). Cesium seeding into negative-ion sources is a prerequisite to obtain the required negative hydrogen ion. The performance of ion source largely depends on the cesium conditions in the source. It is very necessary to quantitatively measure the amount of cesium in the source during the plasma on and off periods (vacuum stage). This article uses the absorption peak of cesium atoms near 852.1nm to build a cesium atom concentration detection system based on Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology. The test experiment based on the cesium cell is carried out, obtained the variation curve of cesium concentration at different temperatures. The experimental results indicate that: the system detection range is within 5*10E6-2.5*10E7 pieces/cm3 and the system resolution better than 1*10E6 pieces/cm3.Comment: 8 pages,7 figures, the 20th International Symposium on Laser-Aided Plasma Diagnostic

Triggered optical coherence tomography for capturing rapid periodic motion

Quantitative cross-sectional imaging of vocal folds during phonation is potentially useful for diagnosis and treatments of laryngeal disorders. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful technique, but its relatively low frame rates makes it challenging to visualize rapidly vibrating tissues. Here, we demonstrate a novel method based on triggered laser scanning to capture 4-dimensional (4D) images of samples in motu at audio frequencies over 100 Hz. As proof-of-concept experiments, we applied this technique to imaging the oscillations of biopolymer gels on acoustic vibrators and aerodynamically driven vibrations of the vocal fold in an ex vivo calf larynx model. Our results suggest that triggered 4D OCT may be useful in understanding and assessing the function of vocal folds and developing novel treatments in research and clinical settings

Enhancing potassium-ion battery performance by defect and interlayer engineering

Defect and interlayer engineering is applied to exploit the large van der Waals gaps of transition metal dichalcogenides for potassium-ion batteries (KIBs). As a demonstrator, MoS2 nanoflowers with expanded interlayer spacing and defects in the basal planes are used as KIB anodes in the voltage range of 0.5–2.5 V, where an intercalation reaction rather than a conversion reaction takes place to store K-ions in the van der Waals gaps. The nanoflowers show enhanced K-storage performance compared to the defect-free counterpart that has a pristine interlayer spacing. Kinetic analysis verifies that the K-ion diffusion coefficient and surface charge storage are both enhanced in the applied voltage range of the intercalation reaction. The collective effects of expanded interlayer spacing and additionally exposed edges induced by the in-plane defects enable facile K-ion intercalation, rapid K-ion transport and promoted surface K-ion adsorption simultaneously

Glycosylation characterization of therapeutic mAbs by top- and middle-down mass spectrometry

A reference monoclonal antibody IgG1 and a fusion IgG protein were analyzed by top- and middle-down mass spectrometry with multiple fragmentation techniques including electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization in-source decay (MALDI-ISD) to investigate heterogeneity of glycosylated protein species. Specifically, glycan structure, sites, relative abundance levels, and termini structural conformation were investigated by use of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) or high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization (HPLC-ESI) linked to an Orbitrap. Incorporating a limited enzymatic digestion by immunoglobulin G-degrading enzyme Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS) with MALDI-ISD analysis extended sequence coverage of the internal region of the proteins without pre-fractionation. The data in this article is associated with the research article published in Journal of Proteomics (Tran et al., 2015)